History Western Civilization: Lesson 150 Essay – (1) “What were the causes and consequences of the Hundred Years’ War?” (2) “What was the Great Western Schism, and how was it resolved?”

One cause was that England’s King Edward III claimed that he was the heir to the French throne through his mother. The French people denied this because they said a woman could not inherit the throne and a man could not inherit the throne through a woman. England and France both wanted possession over Flanders as well. These causes led to the war. Also both monarchs wanted war. One consequence of the war was the development of the long bow. The long bow was an O.P. bow used by the English. Ultimately the war ended in 1453 with English being pushed out of all French territories except Calais.

The Great Western Schism was a period in church history going from 1318 to 1415 in which there were two popes. Christians were divided in Europe due to the two popes. Part of Europe wanted a French pope and the other part waned an Italian pope. Urban VI and Clement VII both thought they were rightful popes. In 1409 there was a council where a third pope, Martin V, was elected. To end the chaos at the Council of Constance from 1414 to 1418 it was decided that Martin would be the true pope. Over time the other two lines of popes faded away.