History- Western Civilization 2

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 5 Essay- (1) “How would you describe the condition of the Catholic Church on the eve of the Protestant Reformation?” (2) “What were the Ninety-Five theses about? What was the basic message of Luther’s complaint?”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 10 Essay- (1) “Explain Luther’s main points in the selection you read from ‘On the Freedom of a Christian’.” (2) “Explain Calvin’s main points in the selection you read from the ‘Institutes of the Christian Religion’. How does Calvin answer those who say predestination makes God into a being who dispenses justice unequally?”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 15 Essay- (1) “How was the English Reformation different from the German Reformation?” (2) “What do we learn about St. Francis Xavier’s missionary work in the letter you read for lesson 13?” (3a) “What kind of impression are you left with by the ‘Spiritual Exercises’?” (3b) “Why is Ignatius concerned about careless discussion of faith and good works?”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 20 Essay- (1) “What were the causes and consequences of the Spanish revolt that occurred after Charles left to be crowned Holy Roman Emperor?” (2) “What were the causes of the Dutch revolt? What was the ‘demonstration effect’?” (3) “Who were the contending parties in the French wars of religion? What was St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre? What was the Edict of Nantes?” (4) “Describe the religious policy of Elizabeth I.”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 25 Essay- (1) “What was the key issue that led to the outbreak of the Thirty Years’ War? What religious accomodation was reached by Catholics and Protestants in the Peace of Westphalia?” (2) “What was the English Civil War about?” (3) “Who were the Levellers, and what did they believe?”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 30 Essay- (1) “What was the Glorious Revolution? Why was it significant in English history?” (2) “On what grounds does Locke believe people can establish a claim to property ownership over a previously unowned good?” (3) “Why does Locke believe absolute monarchy fails to resolve the ‘inconveniences’ of the state of nature?”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 35 Essay- (1) “What were Cardinal Richelieu’s primary aims?” (2) “What factors contributed to the decline of Spain?” (3) “What is constitutionalism? Discuss the views of Juan de Mariana, as laid out in the reading for lesson 33.” (4) “With the video of lesson 34 to help you, what do you think Hobbes’ main arguments are in the excerpts you read?”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 40 Essay- (1) “What were the key ideas of mercantilism?” (2) “What were the causes and outcomes of the wars involving France in the latter half of the seventeenth century?” (3) “What was at stake in the War of the Spanish Succession?”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 45 Essay- (1) “According to your reading and the examples in the slides, what are some of the characteristic features of (a) Mannerism and (b) the Baroque?” (2) “Describe Peter the Great’s program for Russia.” (3) “What did Frederick William accomplish?”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 50 Essay- (1) “Recent historians of science have revisited the traditional version of the Scientific Revolution and have disputed the standard claim that religion and science were locked in a titanic struggle.What is some of the evidence these scholars have brought forth?” (2) “Explain the significance of the person you read about for lesson 48 in 100 words.” (3) “Describe the main ideas we associate with the Enlightenment.”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 50 Essay- (1) “Explain the views of the French materialists.” (2) “What does Adam Smith mean by the ‘invisible hand’?” (3) “Disucss the causes and consequences of the War of the Austrian Succession.”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 60 Essay- (1) “What was ‘enlightened absolutism’?” (2) “What was the constitutional dispute between the colonists and the British government that led to the American Revolution? Give specific examples of how this constitutional dispute was evident in particular events (e.g., the Stamp Act).”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 65 Essay- (1) “What happened (involving the Third Estate) during the meeting of the Estates General that set the French Revolution in motion?” (2) “What was the situation of the Church in France after Napoleon came to power?”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 70 Essay- (1) “How does Friederich Gentz distinguish between the American and French Revoltuions? Do you see the influence of Edmund Burke in his thinking?” (2) “What points is Mary Wollstonecraft making in the excerpts you read from the beginning of ‘A Vindication of the Rights of Woman’? What would she like to see changed in European society?”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 75 Essay- (1) “What, in a nutshell, was the Industrial Revolution?” (2) “What was the standard-of-living debate?” (3) “What were the different arguments that combined in Britain to pave the way for the abolition of slavery in that country’s overseas colonies?”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 80 Essay- (1) “What were the major principles guiding the diplomats at the Congress of Vienna?” (2) “What were the Carlsbad Decrees?” (3) “According to Rothbard, did compulsory state education emerge because governments simply wanted their people to become more knowledgeable, or were there other motivations at work?”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 85 Essay- (1) “What is classical liberalism?” (2) “Choose one of the works discussed in lesson 83 and explain how it reflects the principles of classical liberalism.” (3) “Discuss several classical liberal themes that can be found in the work of Benjamin Constant.”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 90 Essay- (1) “Summarize the arguments either of Spencer or Molinari.” (2) “What were the characteristics of neoclassicism? Give one example of neoclassicism and show how it embodies at least one of these characteristics.” (3) “What were the characteristics of Romanticism? Give one example of Romanticism and show how it embodies at least one of these characteristics.”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 95 Essay- (1) “What happened in France during the Revolution of 1830?” (2) “Why did Karl Marx think socialism was superior to capitalism?”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 100 Essay – (1) “Discuss two weak points of Karl Marx, and explain what’s wrong with them.” (2) “What were Herbert Spencer’s views, as you encountered them in the reading for this week? Does he deserve to be called a ‘Social Darwinist?’”

History Western Civ 2: Lesson 105 Essay – (1) “What were the key steps in the process of Italian unification?” (2) “What were the key steps in the process of German unification?”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 110 Essay – (1) “What arguments does Gladstone make in favor of Home Rule for Ireland?” (2) “What was the Kulturkampf?”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 115 Essay – (1) “What are the values of Modernism that we see reflected across different fields, and how do they represent a departure from neoclassicism and the Enlightenment?” (2) “What factors contributed to the coming of World War I?”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 120 Essay – (1) “How did a political assassination in June 1914 lead to a world war? Why did each of the major countries intervene?” (2) “Based on Lesson 117 and the reading, how has it been argued that Woodrow Wilson followed a double standard in his treatment of the British hunger blockade and the German submarine warfare? What policy did he take regarding Americans sailing on ships flying belligerent flags?”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 125 Essay – (1) “What are the primary differences discussed in this weeks videos between Marxism and Marxism-Leninism?” (2) “Historian Richard Pipes wrote, ‘Soviet Russia was the first society in history to outlaw law.’ What did he mean by that?” (3) “What was the Russian government under Lenin like? What kinds of tasks did it attempt to achieve?”

History Western Civilization 2: Lesson 130 Essay – “Considering information in the readings and lectures, what problems from World War I helped to contribute to the outbreak of World War II?”

Western Civ 2: Lesson 140 Essay – “Did World War II become more brutal as time went on? In what ways? Was the brutality on only one side?